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Dehydrating Chiles

So I have this new Nesco FD-80 and a few ripe pods.  I could use a few tips on the following:
 
  • Seeding and seed storage
  • Placement on trays (open side down or up?)
  • Drying temps
  • Drying times
  • Post dehydrator storage
  • Other tips for this unit
 
Thanks all, and MODS if I'm in the wrong topic please lock and move.
 
I also have that unit. I've always halved the peppers, putting them open site up on the trays, but that's just to keep all the capsaicin in the pods. I've used the highest temperature on the unit, and while the drying times vary slightly (ambient temperature, relative humidity, etc.), I've found the longest time to be about 12-13 hours at most for mine, since I dehydrate inside where it's 75 degrees and decent humidity. It wouldn't hurt to check on the peppers every hour or two just to make sure. And there's no way they can over-dehydrate, so if you keep them in for longer than usual, it's OK.
 
As far as the seeds go, I've kept them in the peppers, but if you prefer to take them our prior and air-dry them, then by all means do so. I've converted the dried pods to powder, then used a sieve to filter out the seeds. Fair warning though, it'd be a good idea to wear a mask and goggles. Doing so in a well ventilated area wouldn't hurt either, such as over your stove. or on your patio. I myself have asked whether the act of dehydrating them in the Nesco will render the seeds not viable, and there's no consensus on it, so I'm trying it out with a couple seeds I saved from the dehydrator.
 
As for storage, pretty much any container will do, so long as it seals tight, like tupperware for instance. And be sure to shake it a little bit every so often, since the capsaicin will settle out of the peppers and on the bottom of the container, especially with powders.
 
That's all I can think of for the moment. 
 
There's lots of thread about drying in various forums.  Use the search function for mor details.
cut the pods to allow air to the insides reduces drying time
take the seeds out if you want maximum viability for growing, if you're not saving seeds for growing, then it's a toss up and to your personal preference whether to remove seeds or not-
Drying times totally depends on the chiles, thickness, etc
Zip-Loc bag, Mason jar or other airtight storage when done
 
 
as far as viable seeds after dehydrating....
 
 
Think about chile pods in nature.  They're out in the desert, starved for water, baking in +110F sun...and the seeds germinate the next year.  Low temp drying should have a good number of viable seeds, but not like if the seeds were just air dried.
 
Generally, I've found that the pods darken over 105F.  Depending on what you're doing with the pods after drying, dark pods may or may not be an issue.  I like to dry at 95-105F, but I live in a very arid area, so the lower temps work for me.  Others with higher humidity may need higher temps to bake out all the moisture and then seal up right away.
 
If color is not an issue, crank up the temp and get 'em done!  But generally, I wouldn't suggest going over 150-160F.  Above that is almost like roasting them, which could alter the flavor.  Dunno, never done it...just supposing~
 
have Fun!!!
 
I'm pretty good at saving seeds.  Remove then from the pods using any method you like.  Use gloves (I have surgical gloves) to protect your hand if the peppers are hot.  Put the seeds in a small plastic cup and leave anywhere for a minimum of thirty days.  This will ensure they are dried out before you store them.  While waiting for them to dry, pick up some desiccant gel packs  - something like - http://www.amazon.com/Dry-Packs-Cotton-50-Pack-Dehumidifier-Silica/dp/B003TD24PY/   some small ziplock bags and some large yellow manilla envelopes.
 
After 30 days have passed, label the bags with the type of seeds and the year picked, along with any other relevant information, such as whether the pods were open-pollinated or isolated.  Then, place the seeds and one of the gel packs into a ziplock bag.  Then, put the bag into the envelop and close it.
 
Always split and try as much as you can to flatten the peppers, before putting them on the trays.  I don't know if it makes a difference, but I always place the peppers with the skin facing up.
 
Some people here use higher temps, but I use my Nesco (http://www.amazon.com/Nesco-FD-75PR-600-Watt-Food-Dehydrator/dp/B000FFVJ3C/) on the lowest - 95 C setting.  It retains all of the color and flavor.
 
Regarding drying times - My manual states that peppers take between 5 and twelve hours.  That is an absurd inaccuracy.  It takes at least 72 hours for my peppers to get dehydrated.  This is for Cayenne shaped pods with thin fruit.  For larger round peppers, or peppers with thicker fruit, it can take another day or 2.  If you are going to eat the dehydrated peppers quickly, you can take them out sooner.  The purpose of dehydrating is to preserve the chiles.  Fruit spoils because the water content and any moisture promotes bacteria growth and oxidation, so the goal is to remove ALL of the moisture.  A good way to determine full dehydration is the "snap test."  Remove a dried Pod and try to break it in half.  If it snaps, with a "crispy" sound, then it is fully dehydrated.  If it bends and does not break, then there is still moisture remaining, and it needs more time in the dehydrator.
 
Post dehydrator storage is not too important - I use ziplock bags and have them on a shelf.
 
If the unit has some kind of warning, stating not to operate with fewer than 4 trays, pay attention to it.  It is OK to have peppers on one tray and empty trays above and below it.  I think that maybe the unit can get too hot with fewer trays than recommended. 
 
Also, if you dehydrate superhots, like Bhuts, be careful where you have the unit running.  Last year, my unit produced some pretty toxic fumes.  I have a high tolerance, but when I waked by, my eyes watered and I sometimes coughed!
 
I'm dehydrating some Superchiles as I write this.
 
Best of luck!
 
Thanks to all for the huge knowledge share!  exactly what I was after and will print to PDF.
 
* to dragon49... thanks for the fume warning.  I haven't gassed the family since '98 when I was cooking down a batch of habs and the wife had to leave the house with our daughter!
 
I have the exact same model and I'm trying it for the first time.  The advertisement said "five trays" but it has four.  That is fine.  I halved or quartered all the chiles I put onto the four trays.  Did not overlap any.  Put on 135 degrees.  Now they have been on for 18 hours and they are not ready yet.  I'll post again.  Maybe I should have only put chiles on two of the four trays.  But I have 40 awesome plants and I'm getting covered up.  Can't give them all away and sure can't eat all of them.  I  hope this works!
 
Big Mike
Visit us Online: www.knot2worry.us
 
Big Mike said:
I have the exact same model and I'm trying it for the first time.  The advertisement said "five trays" but it has four.  That is fine.  I halved or quartered all the chiles I put onto the four trays.  Did not overlap any.  Put on 135 degrees.  Now they have been on for 18 hours and they are not ready yet.  I'll post again.  Maybe I should have only put chiles on two of the four trays.  But I have 40 awesome plants and I'm getting covered up.  Can't give them all away and sure can't eat all of them.  I  hope this works!
 
Big Mike
Visit us Online: www.knot2worry.us
It will work fine, I think that model expands to 12 trays. You will find most pods unless they are really thin like Thai or Cayenne a couple days is the norm and some take me up to 5 days.
 
Big Mike said:
I have the exact same model and I'm trying it for the first time.  The advertisement said "five trays" but it has four.  That is fine.  I halved or quartered all the chiles I put onto the four trays.  Did not overlap any.  Put on 135 degrees.  Now they have been on for 18 hours and they are not ready yet.  I'll post again.  Maybe I should have only put chiles on two of the four trays.  But I have 40 awesome plants and I'm getting covered up.  Can't give them all away and sure can't eat all of them.  I  hope this works!
 
Big Mike
Visit us Online: www.knot2worry.us
You can give them away ...or sell them perhaps?  What do you have?
 
If the fumes get too much, you can do this~! 
 
salsalady said:
If the fumes get too much, you can do this~! 
 
Thanks Salsalady! What a timely post!
I just bought my first dehydrator and don't have a garage, and was wondering what I was going to do overnight or if it started to rain.
 
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