there are black pods, just do a search (pimenta de neyde, black pearl, etc)
each different pheno / color could be from a different mutation / genetic parents so could taste much different.
Example Moruga Scorpion:
Everyone gets red moruga seeds.
Judy gets a mutation of brown pod and isolates and starts growing it out. She calls it chocolate.
Peter gets a mutation that seems more brown than judys so he calls it black, even though it is really brown.
Jack grows out peters and finds some of them are lighter brown, he now calls this caramel.
2 seasons later
Judy has found her brown has 2 different phenos a darker and lighter brown, she calls it chocolate and black.
Peter has found her brown pod has 3 different phenos a darker, lighter, and almost orangeish. He calls it black, brown, and peach.
Jack keeps growing out peter's strain but gets judy's as well. He has 5 different phenos of brown, he's not sure what the f**k to call anything anymore.
This example we are only tracking 1 thing the color... imagine all the other variables that could change: size, shape, texture, capasicum, etc. (and that's variables in the fruit, still more in the plant: production, size, leaf color, etc)
so the answer is no, they wont all taste the same or have the same heat. And the person who creates the strain can name it whatever they want, could start calling white pods white chololate etc.