I would think this is a big ol' "it depends."
The advantage to growing in pots is that you have more control over the plants growing conditions, to a degree. My problem with growing in pots is that the roots are more subject to temperature swings, as you don't get the sort of buffering effect you'd have in the ground. As a result, they dry out pretty quickly around here- towards the middle of summer I need to water daily, which means I was constantly flushing nutes from the soil, which means they constantly needed to be replaced. Up north, I don't think this would be as much of an issue, the faster warming of the roots might actually be a boon.
As I'm mostly a hobby grower without the sort of time to devote to looking out for my plants every day, I find growing in the ground is much easier. If you slip up once on a potted plant, you can really hurt its progress, with plants in the ground you really only need to amend the planting area at the beginning of the season and not worry about it for a few months. The roots are also unrestrained in their growth.
I suppose you could potentially maximize yield in a pot of sufficient size if you knew exactly what your plants needed and were willing to stay on top of their care. I don't think it's worth all of the effort. I for one know I'm absent-minded and forget to fertilize or water, so my potted plants always end up producing less than the ones in the ground.